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Histamine in Brazilian Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Occurrence and Risk Assessment for Intoxication and
Maria Beatriz A Gloria1,2,3, Fabiana B Diniz1, Bruno M Dala-Paula4
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia UFMG Belo Horizonte Brazil.
Food Science & Nutrition
|November 19, 2025
Summary
Histamine intolerance can cause various symptoms. This review details histamine levels in Brazilian foods, identifying high-histamine items like aged cheeses and fermented sausages to help manage dietary intake and improve quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Biochemistry
- Nutrition
Background:
- Histamine is crucial for health but linked to food intolerance and intoxication.
- Symptoms of histamine intolerance include gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, and dermatological issues.
- Accurate histamine data in foods is essential for managing intolerance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide current knowledge on histamine's biochemical and health aspects.
- To systematically review histamine levels in Brazilian foods from 1980-2024.
- To identify foods requiring avoidance for histamine intolerance management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 156 studies on histamine in Brazilian foods (1980-2024).
- Analysis of histamine levels in 343 foods across 17 food groups.
- Predominant analytical method: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with post-column derivatization and fluorometric detection.
Main Results:
- Most animal products contained histamine; dry-fermented sausages, aged cheeses, scombroid fish, and crabs showed levels capable of causing intoxication.
- Plant-based foods generally had lower histamine, but eggplant, soy sauce, wine, and sprouts had higher levels, contributing to total intake.
- Some foods contained undetectable histamine levels, offering safe options.
Conclusions:
- Detailed histamine information empowers individuals with histamine intolerance and healthcare professionals in making informed food choices.
- Avoiding specific high-histamine foods is crucial for preventing histamine intolerance symptoms.
- This data supports less restrictive diets, improving patients' quality of life.
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