High frequency acoustofluidic based controllable drug delivery system

Controllable drug delivery systems play an important role in personalized and precision medicine, particularly for long-term therapies. However, current release profiles, such as pulse, first-order, and zero-order releases, frequently fall short of addressing the diverse needs of patients. Herein, we introduce a novel drug delivery system utilizing the hydrodynamic method, which combines nanochannels with acoustofluidic-based modulation to achieve controllable delivery in both zero-order and first-order drug delivery systems. Employing the finite element method, we simulate the acoustic streaming field and corresponding molecular concentration field to investigate the impact of acoustic jets and shear flows on drug release. Leveraging the zero-order release of FITC-dextran through nanochannels, we integrate gigahertz (GHz) acoustofluidics into this system to demonstrate its modulation capabilities, including slow release at low power and enhanced release at high power. Furthermore, we demonstrate the GHz acoustofluidic modulation on first-order release in vitro utilizing a wirelessly powered GHz acoustofluidic-based implantable drug delivery system (GADDS). This study lays the foundation for a new generation of acoustic drug delivery platforms, paving the way for precision medicine advancements.