Cervical Schwannoma: A Rare Case Presentation - Neural Tissue Tumour

Cervical schwannomas are rare benign tumors that can present a significant diagnostic challenge, particularly when they exhibit cystic changes that mimic more common lesions such as second-branchial cleft cysts. We report the case of a 36-year-old male who presented with a gradually enlarging, firm, nontender neck mass. Imaging studies, including ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography, suggested a cystic lesion, most likely a second branchial cleft cyst. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was inconclusive. Surgical excision was undertaken, and histopathological examination revealed a schwannoma with areas of cystic degeneration. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong diffuse positivity for S100 protein, confirming the diagnosis. Postoperatively, the patient had an uneventful recovery without neurological deficits. This case highlights the importance of considering cervical schwannoma in the differential diagnosis of cystic neck masses and underscores the essential role of histopathology and immunohistochemistry in establishing an accurate diagnosis. Early recognition and complete surgical excision are key to achieving favorable outcomes.