Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

13.7K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
13.7K
Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

742
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
742
Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect01:26

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

244
The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...
244
Cattell's 16 Personality Factors01:24

Cattell's 16 Personality Factors

2.3K
Raymond Cattell's trait theory offers a structured framework for understanding personality by distinguishing between two critical traits: surface and source traits. Surface traits are observable patterns of behavior, such as indecisiveness, anxiety, and irrational fears. These traits are less stable, varying across situations and over time. This means that they are less helpful in understanding the deeper aspects of an individual's personality.
In contrast, source traits are the...
2.3K
McNemar's Test01:23

McNemar's Test

786
McNemar's Test is a nonparametric statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference in proportions between two related groups when the outcome is binary (e.g., yes/no, success/failure). It is beneficial when we have paired data, such as pre-test/post-test designs, where the same subjects are measured under two different conditions. The test is named after the statistician Quinn McNemar, who introduced it in 1947. It is commonly used in situations where subjects are...
786
Spearman's Rank Correlation Test01:20

Spearman's Rank Correlation Test

1.4K
Spearman's rank correlation test, also known as Spearman's rho, is a nonparametric method for assessing the strength and direction of association between two variables. This test is particularly valuable when the data distribution is unknown or when the assumption of normality does not hold. Named after the English psychologist and statistician Dr. Charles Edward Spearman, it serves as the nonparametric counterpart to Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Spearman's test calculates correlation by...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Anxiety, Cognitive Biases, and Evaluative Conditioning: An Eye-Tracking Experiment.

International review of social psychology·2026
Same author

Trust me, you are there: the role of verbal manipulation on embodiment and body localization.

Psychological research·2026
Same author

Effects of motor and cognitive-motor training on cognitive performance in healthy older adults.

Journal of neuropsychology·2026
Same author

Divergent network trajectories in mild cognitive impairment: Converters versus non-converters to Alzheimer's disease.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same author

The effect of age on the architecture of psychological and cognitive dimensions: a network perspective.

European journal of ageing·2026
Same author

Assessing the Relational Abilities of Large Language Models and Large Reasoning Models.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Strengths Knowledge Scale (SKS) and Strengths Use Scale (SUS): Revisiting Psychometric Properties and Gender Invariance in the General Spanish Population.

Journal of personality assessment·2026
Same journal

The Particularism vs. Bribery Tolerance Scale: Who is Uniquely Vulnerable to Relational Temptations for Bending Rules?

Journal of personality assessment·2026
Same journal

Tuning into Experience: Self-Location Flexibility and Experiential Ability.

Journal of personality assessment·2026
Same journal

Configurational Approaches in Personality Assessment Research: An Introduction with Application to Rorschach Data.

Journal of personality assessment·2026
Same journal

Transdiagnostic Assessment of Psychopathology: Psychometric Evaluation of the German Version of the Defense Mechanism Rating Scale (DMRS-SR-30) and Relationship with Personality Functioning and Associated Constructs.

Journal of personality assessment·2026
Same journal

What's in a Scale - Multidimensionality or Wording Artifact? A Comprehensive Psychometric Analysis of the Rasch-Type Loneliness Scale.

Journal of personality assessment·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.2K

The HEXACO Adjective Scale: A Cross-Cultural Validity Study.

Giorgia Tosi1, Daniele Romano1, Théo Besson2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca.

Journal of Personality Assessment
|November 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The HEXACO Adjective Scale (HAS) is a valid personality assessment tool across French, Dutch, and English. This cross-cultural study confirms its reliable measurement of the HEXACO personality model in diverse linguistic contexts.

More Related Videos

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.3K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.2K
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.3K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cross-cultural Psychology
  • Personality Assessment

Background:

  • The HEXACO model is a robust framework for understanding personality across six dimensions.
  • The HEXACO Adjective Scale (HAS) was initially developed in Italian.
  • Cross-cultural validation is crucial for personality measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cross-cultural validity and measurement invariance of the HEXACO Adjective Scale (HAS).
  • To evaluate the psychometric properties of translated HAS versions in French, Dutch, and English.

Main Methods:

  • Translation of the Italian HAS into French, Dutch, and English.
  • Administration of translated scales to participants in Belgium (Dutch), France (French), and the US (English).
  • Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFAs) to assess structural validity and measurement invariance.

Main Results:

  • CFAs confirmed the original HEXACO structure across all translated languages.
  • Strong evidence of measurement invariance was found across French, Dutch, and English versions.
  • The translated HAS scales demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and predictive validity for behavioral criteria.

Conclusions:

  • The HEXACO Adjective Scale (HAS) exhibits strong psychometric properties and cross-cultural validity.
  • The findings support the replicability of the HEXACO model across different cultures and languages.
  • The translated HAS is suitable for future cross-cultural personality research.