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Published on: January 10, 2011
The structure, function, and pharmacology of SK channel family
Marzia Fois1, Lucija Peterlin Mašič1, Tihomir Tomašič1
1University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Abstract:
Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels regulate excitability and calcium signaling in neurons, cardiomyocytes, and endothelial cells. Their dysfunction contributes to a broad spectrum of disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, mood disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, and cancer. Despite extensive study, the specific physiological roles and pathological contributions of the SK1-3 subtypes remain incompletely understood. Latest advances in structural biology, computational modeling, and pharmacology have clarified the mechanisms underlying SK channel gating, modulation, and dysfunction. In this review, we integrate these novel insights to link structural and functional diversity with physiological and disease processes. We further discuss how subtype-selective modulators are shaping precision strategies for therapeutic development.
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