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Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization

Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization

Published on: April 19, 2015

Recapitulating Native-Like Strain Distributions in a Tissue-Engineered Enthesis by Creating Structural, Biochemical,

Jongkil Kim¹, Alexander J Boys², Roland Babmatee³

¹Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A

|November 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue-engineered entheses with controlled stimuli and demineralized bone plugs show improved mechanical properties and collagen organization. This research advances biomimetic scaffolds for better integration in tissue implants.

Keywords:

biomechanics enthesis interface soft tissue‐to‐bone tissue engineering

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Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

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Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Tissue Engineering
Orthopedic Research

Background:

Robust meniscus-to-bone integration is crucial for clinical success of tissue-engineered menisci.
Engineering native-like mechanical properties in tissue-engineered entheses requires controlled collagen fiber organization and mineral content gradients.
Achieving these gradients presents a significant challenge in current tissue engineering approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a tissue-engineered enthesis model with biomimetic interfaces.
To investigate the impact of spatially controlled biochemical and biomechanical stimuli on construct development.
To evaluate the efficacy of partially demineralized bone plugs in enhancing bone-to-implant integration.

Main Methods:

A tri-chamber bioreactor was used to apply controlled stimuli to fibrochondrocyte-seeded collagen gel constructs with trabecular bone plugs.
Confocal elastography was employed to assess local strain distribution and collagen fiber organization.
Partially demineralized bone plugs were introduced to evaluate their effect on mechanical integration.

Main Results:

The tri-chamber bioreactor promoted native-like collagen fiber structure and mechanics, leading to more uniform strain distribution and reduced peak strain compared to single-chamber culture.
Partially demineralized bone plugs significantly improved mechanical performance, reducing peak strain by over 30% and strain gradients by 50%.
Toughness and strain at failure were increased by 50% and 40%, respectively, with demineralized bone plugs.

Conclusions:

Zone-specific biochemical and biomechanical stimuli are vital for enhancing tissue-engineered enthesis development.
Biomimetic scaffold materials, such as partially demineralized bone, can significantly improve the mechanical integration and performance of tissue-engineered implants.
This study provides a foundation for developing more effective tissue-engineered solutions for orthopedic applications.