Intraoperative Ultrasound in Brain and Spine Surgery: Current Applications, Translational Value and Future...

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Medical Imaging
• Ultrasound Technology

Background:

• Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) has evolved into a critical neurosurgical modality.
• It offers real-time, radiation-free imaging with advantages in accessibility, workflow, and cost compared to MRI and CT.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the broad clinical applications and evolving role of IOUS in neurosurgery.
• To highlight recent innovations and the future potential of IOUS in surgical practice.

Main Methods:

• Review of the current literature and clinical applications of IOUS in neurosurgery.
• Discussion of technological advancements and future directions in IOUS.

Main Results:

• IOUS is effective in cranial surgery for tumor resection and localization (e.g., gliomas, metastases, pituitary adenomas).
• It guides spinal surgery for tumor resection, myelotomy planning, and decompression confirmation (e.g., cervical myelopathy).
• IOUS aids in diagnosing cerebrospinal fluid disorders and assessing trauma/oncological emergencies.

Conclusions:

• IOUS is a versatile and increasingly indispensable tool in neurosurgery.
• Technological innovations are expanding its capabilities, solidifying its role in multimodal intraoperative imaging.
• IOUS bridges precision, accessibility, and innovation in contemporary neurosurgical practice.