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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...

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Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

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Circulating levels of microRNAs 126-5p, 150-5p, 214-3p, and 452-5p decrease following splenectomy in dogs with

Janet A Grimes¹, Jennifer M Schmiedt²

¹Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

American Journal of Veterinary Research

|November 25, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that four microRNAs (miRNAs) decreased in expression after surgery for splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs. These specific miRNAs may help in developing new diagnostic tools for canine hemangiosarcoma.

Keywords:

canine hemangiosarcoma microRNA spleen splenectomy

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Application of Microwave Ablation in Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy

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Published on: November 15, 2024

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Oncology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Splenic hemangiosarcoma is a common and aggressive cancer in dogs.
Identifying reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of splenic hemangiosarcoma is crucial.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with regulatory roles implicated in various cancers, including hemangiosarcoma.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the differential expression of specific serum microRNAs (miRNAs) in dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma before and after surgical removal of the tumor (splenectomy).
To identify potential miRNA biomarkers for splenic hemangiosarcoma.

Main Methods:

Serum samples were collected from 17 dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma at preoperative, 24-48 hours postoperative, and 10-30 days postoperative time points.
Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression levels of eight selected miRNAs (miR-126-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-203a-3p, miR-214-3p, miR-452-5p, miR-494-3p, miR-497-5p, miR-543) and two control miRNAs (miR-16-5p, miR-93-5p).
Differential expression analysis was performed between the different time points.

Main Results:

MicroRNA-126-5p expression significantly decreased at both postoperative time points compared to preoperative levels.
MicroRNA-150-5p and miR-214-3p showed decreased expression between the preoperative and early postoperative periods, but not at the later time point.
MicroRNA-452-5p expression was reduced at the later postoperative time point compared to preoperative levels. No significant changes were observed for miR-203a-3p, miR-494-3p, miR-497-5p, or miR-543.

Conclusions:

The expression of miR-126-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-214-3p, and miR-452-5p decreased post-splenectomy in dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma.
These miRNAs, previously linked to angiogenesis and hemangiosarcoma pathogenesis, show potential as biomarkers for a minimally invasive diagnostic panel for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma.