Epidemiology of Functional Neurological Disorder: The Clinical Spectrum

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition with diverse symptoms impacting motor, sensory, cognitive, and perceptual functions.
• It affects individuals across the lifespan, with a higher prevalence observed in women, influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the incidence, prevalence, demographics, risk factors, comorbidities, prognosis, and economic impact of Functional Neurological Disorder (FND).
• To highlight the need for standardized diagnostic approaches and interdisciplinary collaboration for FND.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of epidemiological data on Functional Neurological Disorder (FND).
• Analysis of demographic factors, risk factors, comorbidities, and economic burden associated with FND subtypes.

Main Results:

• FND incidence ranges from 10-16 per 100,000, and prevalence from 79-144 per 100,000.
• Prognosis is often poor without early intervention, with diagnostic delays exacerbating chronic symptoms and disability.
• FND contributes to substantial healthcare utilization and economic burden.

Conclusions:

• Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) presents a significant public health challenge with considerable economic implications.
• Improving epidemiological accuracy and clinical outcomes requires standardized diagnostic methods and enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration for FND patients.