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Disentangling Stimulus & Population Dynamics in Mouse V1: Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Neural

Nikolaos Tzanakis1,2, Alexandros Barberis1,2,3, Mario Alexios Savaglio1,2

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Crete, Greece.

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Summary

Researchers developed a new method to separate external visual stimuli from internal brain states in mouse visual cortex. This approach helps understand how neural activity represents the world versus the brain's own processes.

Keywords:
decompositionmouse area primary visual cortex (V1)stimulus decoding

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Area of Science:

  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The primary visual cortex (V1) processes external sensory input and internal brain states.
  • Distinguishing between stimulus-driven and internally generated neural activity is crucial for understanding V1 function.
  • Internal cortical states, inferred from population activity, influence neural representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework for decoupling stimulus-driven and internally generated neural activity in the mouse primary visual cortex.
  • To investigate the coding of visual stimuli in granular (L4) and supragranular (L2/3) layers.
  • To determine if stimulus representations are conserved across layers and stable over time.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) framework was employed.
  • Neural activity from awake mice viewing optical flow stimuli was recorded using two-photon calcium imaging.
  • Activity was decomposed into orthogonal "population" (global) and "stimulus" subspaces.

Main Results:

  • A low-dimensional subspace captured most stimulus decoding performance.
  • Stimulus-driven components showed strong cross-mouse correlations and temporal stability.
  • Removing global modulation did not eliminate stimulus discriminability in L4 and L2/3 layers.
  • L4 and L2/3 stimulus components demonstrated comparable decoding performance and tuning.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PLSR framework effectively separates stimulus-evoked from internally modulated neural activity.
  • A conserved and robust coding scheme for visual stimuli exists in both L4 and L2/3 of the primary visual cortex.
  • Stimulus information is encoded independently of global modulation signals within these layers.