Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 10, 2026
07:23
Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Published on: March 26, 2020
8.7K
On the physiological processes underlying optoretinography [Invited]
Huakun Li1, Yueming Zhuo2, Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan3,4
1School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Biomedical Optics Express
|November 26, 2025
Summary
Optoretinography (ORG) images light-evoked retinal changes using phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (pOCT). This label-free method monitors cellular deformations, offering potential for assessing retinal health.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Biophysics
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Optoretinography (ORG) is a label-free imaging technique that captures light-induced retinal changes.
- Phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (pOCT) is a precise ORG method, sensitive to nanoscale deformations.
- Current ORG limitations include signal-to-noise ratio and tissue registration accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physiological mechanisms underlying optoretinography.
- To explore the potential of ORG as a non-invasive assay for retinal health.
- To delineate the mechanisms behind light-evoked retinal deformations.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on optoretinography and retinal physiology.
- Analysis of phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (pOCT) capabilities and limitations.
- Discussion of light-evoked cellular and tissue responses in the retina.
Main Results:
- Photoreceptor outer segments (OS) exhibit rapid contraction and slower elongation post-stimulation.
- Light-evoked ionic and osmotic shifts cause deformations in subretinal space (SRS) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
- ORG detects deformations in inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL).
Conclusions:
- ORG has significant potential as a non-invasive, label-free tool for retinal health assessment.
- Understanding ORG's underlying physiological mechanisms is crucial for its clinical application.
- Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and fully realize ORG's diagnostic capabilities.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:32The Retina
74.1K
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
74.1K
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
8.7K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
8.7K
01:20Anatomy of the Eyeball
9.4K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
9.4K
01:24Vision
59.2K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
59.2K