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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: March 26, 2020

On the physiological processes underlying optoretinography [Invited].

Huakun Li¹, Yueming Zhuo², Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan^3,4

¹School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Biomedical Optics Express

|November 26, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optoretinography (ORG) images light-evoked retinal changes using phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (pOCT). This label-free method monitors cellular deformations, offering potential for assessing retinal health.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Biophysics
Medical Imaging

Background:

Optoretinography (ORG) is a label-free imaging technique that captures light-induced retinal changes.
Phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (pOCT) is a precise ORG method, sensitive to nanoscale deformations.
Current ORG limitations include signal-to-noise ratio and tissue registration accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the physiological mechanisms underlying optoretinography.
To explore the potential of ORG as a non-invasive assay for retinal health.
To delineate the mechanisms behind light-evoked retinal deformations.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on optoretinography and retinal physiology.
Analysis of phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (pOCT) capabilities and limitations.
Discussion of light-evoked cellular and tissue responses in the retina.

Main Results:

Photoreceptor outer segments (OS) exhibit rapid contraction and slower elongation post-stimulation.
Light-evoked ionic and osmotic shifts cause deformations in subretinal space (SRS) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
ORG detects deformations in inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL).

Conclusions:

ORG has significant potential as a non-invasive, label-free tool for retinal health assessment.
Understanding ORG's underlying physiological mechanisms is crucial for its clinical application.
Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and fully realize ORG's diagnostic capabilities.