Comparative Study of Collagen Gels Extracted from Different Sources

Collagen is well-known as an essential and structural protein in the body and is classified into many types, with different roles. Type I collagen is the most abundant, offering firmness, elasticity, and resistance to the skin. Starting from natural resources such as calf, American buffalo hide, turkey, and perch skin, this research aims to develop a comparative study between the porous matrices obtained from collagen, extracted in the form of gel, with potential medical use. The extracted collagen gels were analyzed for their proximate analysis. The structural conformation of the gels was confirmed using circular dichroism measurements. The extracted collagen gels were dried using a freeze dryer in the form of porous matrices, and structural analyses were performed using FT-IR. Further, the collagen scaffolds were assessed for biocompatibility using an XTT assay. The water swelling behavior, the morphology, and the thermal stability of the collagen matrices were determined. The collagen porous matrices presented good antimicrobial activity, especially COLL_P, which presented the highest inhibition zone, making them suitable for biomedical uses. Overall, this study provides a method for producing collagen matrices from various sources for biomedical applications.