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On Using Electric Circuit Models to Analyze Electric Field Distributions in Insulator-Based Electrokinetically Driven

J Martin de Los Santos-Ramirez¹, Ricardo Roberts¹, Vania G Martinez-Gonzalez¹

¹School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64700, NL, Mexico.

|November 27, 2025

Summary

This study introduces an electric circuit model to predict electric fields in microfluidic devices with insulating pillars. This method offers a faster, more flexible alternative to finite element analysis for electrokinetic particle manipulation.

Keywords:

FEM circuits electric field electrokinetics microfluidics resistance

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Area of Science:

Physics
Engineering
Microfluidics

Background:

Accurate electric field prediction is crucial for electrokinetic manipulation in microfluidic devices.
Current methods like finite element method (FEM) are computationally expensive and lack design flexibility.
Analytical solutions are limited to simple geometries and cannot handle complex pillar arrays.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an electric circuit model for estimating electric field distribution in microfluidic devices with insulating pillars.
To provide a computationally efficient and geometrically flexible alternative to traditional simulation methods.
To elucidate the relationship between microchannel design parameters and electric field distribution.

Main Methods:

An electric circuit model was proposed to represent the microfluidic device.
Laplace's equation was used as the basis for the circuit model.
The model's predictions were validated against results from commercial finite element method (FEM) software.

Main Results:

The electric circuit model successfully estimated the electric field distribution across longitudinal paths within the microchannel.
The model demonstrated versatility, accommodating various pillar shapes and array configurations.
The circuit model provided clear insights into how geometric parameters influence electric field distribution.

Conclusions:

An electric circuit model offers a viable and efficient approach for predicting electric fields in microfluidic devices with pillar arrays.
This method overcomes limitations of FEM and analytical solutions, enabling easier design optimization.
The model facilitates understanding of electrokinetic phenomena by simplifying the analysis of electric field behavior.