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In Vitro Fertilization

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...

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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Therapeutic Strategies for Improving Pregnancy Rates by Analyzing Embryo-Endometrium Interactions

Author Spotlight: Advancing Therapeutic Strategies for Improving Pregnancy Rates by Analyzing Embryo-Endometrium Interactions

Published on: June 21, 2024

Implantation Failure: Where to Look Up?

Antonis Makrigiannakis¹, Tatjana Motrenko², Marwa Lahimer^3,4

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|November 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) affects many women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). This review explores RIF causes and novel therapies to improve pregnancy success.

Keywords:

endometrial receptivity euploid embryo transfer lifestyle factors recurrent implantation failure uterine cavity

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Single Cell Collection of Trophoblast Cells in Peri-implantation Stage Human Embryos

Single Cell Collection of Trophoblast Cells in Peri-implantation Stage Human Embryos

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Reproductive Medicine
Embryology
Gynecology

Background:

Successful pregnancy requires competent embryos and a receptive endometrium for implantation.
Many women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) experience implantation failure, with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) affecting 10-25% of patients.
RIF is a complex condition with multifactorial causes, necessitating a comprehensive understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and understand the multifaceted causes of recurrent implantation failure (RIF).
To explore factors contributing to RIF, including gamete/embryo quality, chromosomal issues, uterine environment, and endometrial receptivity.
To highlight novel therapeutic strategies for improving pregnancy outcomes in RIF patients.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on factors influencing embryo implantation.
Analysis of research on gamete and embryo quality, chromosomal abnormalities, and uterine factors.
Exploration of immune cell biomarkers and microbiota in RIF.
Review of emerging therapies like platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) insemination.

Main Results:

RIF is associated with a combination of factors, including suboptimal gamete/embryo quality, aneuploidy, and an unreceptive uterine environment.
Endometrial receptivity, immune dysregulation, and microbiota imbalances are significant contributors to RIF.
Novel therapies like activated autologous PRP and PBMC insemination show potential in managing RIF.

Conclusions:

A thorough evaluation of various factors is crucial for diagnosing and managing RIF.
Understanding the complex interplay of gamete, embryo, and maternal factors is key to overcoming implantation challenges.
Emerging therapeutic approaches offer new hope for improving IVF success rates in patients with RIF.