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Gonadal Function and Reproductive Health Challenges in Triple a Syndrome: A Narrative Review
Ana Gheorghe-Milea1,2, Carmen Emanuela Georgescu1,2
15th Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|November 27, 2025
Summary
Triple A syndrome (TAS) significantly impacts gonadal function and reproductive health, with common issues including hypogonadism and fertility problems. Further research is crucial for comprehensive patient care in this rare disorder.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Reproductive Medicine
- Genetics
Background:
- Triple A syndrome (TAS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder.
- Characterized by ACTH-resistant adrenal insufficiency, alacrimia, and achalasia.
- Gonadal function and reproductive health in TAS are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate gonadal function and reproductive health in Triple A syndrome.
- To synthesize current literature on reproductive aspects of TAS.
- To highlight areas needing further investigation.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review conducted until September 2025.
- Searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.
- Included 25 relevant articles.
Main Results:
- Frequent findings include erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction, delayed puberty, hypogonadism, and fertility issues.
- Reduced adrenal androgen levels observed in males.
- Osteoporosis reported in some individuals with TAS.
Conclusions:
- Gonadal dysfunction and reproductive health challenges in TAS are underexplored.
- Multisystemic nature of TAS necessitates a holistic approach to patient care.
- Evaluation of reproductive function is vital for individuals with TAS.
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