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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Capturing Representative Hand Use at Home Using Egocentric Video in Individuals with Upper Limb Impairment
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Measurement of Hand Function by an Automated Device-System Validation and Usability Analysis.

Margarida Vieira1,2, Tobias Barth2, Matthias Münch2

  • 1NOVA School of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New wearable sensors show excellent repeatability for hand mobility assessment, potentially improving on traditional goniometry. While accurate, further refinement is needed for clinical use in hand rehabilitation.

Keywords:
IMUIR cameragoniometerhand mobilityphysiotherapyrange of motionsensors

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Rehabilitation Technology
  • Motion Capture

Background:

  • Traditional goniometry for hand function assessment is time-consuming and prone to subjectivity and variability.
  • Advancements in motion capture and sensor-based devices offer potential for improved efficiency and accuracy in hand rehabilitation.
  • Existing technologies face limitations in objectivity, inter-rater reliability, and accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the repeatability and accuracy of a 9-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based glove and an infrared (IR) camera system.
  • To determine the potential of these novel systems to replace traditional goniometry in clinical settings.
  • To assess the reliability and validity of new sensor technologies for hand mobility assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Repeatability was assessed using a silicone hand model under controlled conditions.
  • Accuracy was evaluated with a volunteer participant without movement constraints.
  • Bland-Altman plots were utilized for visual comparison and accuracy assessment against a goniometer.

Main Results:

  • The IMU-based glove (Nuada) demonstrated high repeatability (SD < 2 degrees), exceeding the goniometer's accuracy threshold.
  • The IR camera system (UltraLeap) also showed comparable repeatability (deviations < 3.5 degrees).
  • Accuracy limitations were noted, with significant deviations (>5 degrees) for both systems compared to the goniometer, though they were more consistent with each other.

Conclusions:

  • Both the IMU-based glove and IR camera system exhibit excellent repeatability, indicating strong potential for clinical applications.
  • Further refinement of accuracy is necessary for these technologies to fully replace traditional goniometry.
  • These advanced sensor systems could enhance traditional hand mobility assessments, offering greater efficiency and objectivity in clinical practice.