Comprehensive review of One Health systems for emerging infectious disease detection and management

This systematic review investigates how One Health systems, integrated digital platforms combining human, animal, and environmental health data, are currently designed and implemented for infectious disease detection and management. The study aims to identify integration patterns, functional purposes, and user interactivity across 202 reviewed systems published between 2015 and 2024. It categorized these systems by their purpose, diseases addressed, data types (human, animal, environmental), and user groups, such as public health officials and researchers. The tasks performed include data collection, analysis, visualization, and decision-making. Interactive techniques range from interactive filtering to predictive modeling, with varying levels of user interactivity, and note whether functional systems are available online. The search strategy utilized the keywords "one health dashboard visualization system OR one health dashboard OR one health system" across various databases Including IEEE xplore ScienceDirect PubMed And google scholar As well as other sources. While a significant portion of studies still rely on single-domain data, i.e., 20% of studies use only human data, 12% use only animal data, and 10% use only environmental data. The largest group (30%) integrates human and animal data, followed by 12% combining human and environmental data, and a smaller portion (1%) integrating animal and environmental data. The details of this comprehensive survey can be found on this webpage: https://onlylinks.cc/DjHH. There is a clear trend toward integrating multiple datasets, especially Human and Animal data. However, fully integrated One Health systems that combine all three domains remain relatively limited and often take the form of commentaries rather than applied systems, highlighting an opportunity for more comprehensive, data-driven implementations in future research.