MODERN STRATEGIES IN OUTPATIENT STROKE CARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF METHODS, TECHNOLOGIES, AND PROSPECTS

Stroke is a major cause of disability, shifting focus toward outpatient care for rehabilitation and prevention. Modern strategies like tele-rehabilitation and blended models aim to enhance outcomes, but disparities and implementation challenges persist globally.

A systematic review (2015-2025) was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies on outpatient stroke care interventions in adults were included. Screening followed PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction covered interventions, outcomes, and technology use. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I and ROB2 tools.

Twelve studies from Europe, Asia, and North America (n=17-1,216) examined modern outpatient stroke care. Randomized trials, cohort, and observational designs explored interventions including neurovascular clinics, tele-rehabilitation, blended care, and education. Outpatient services were associated with shorter hospital stays, fewer readmissions, and faster surgical timelines. Digital tools like apps and wearables improved adherence, patient satisfaction, and motor recovery but faced barriers such as digital literacy and usability. Educational programs achieved high acceptance but encountered challenges in sustaining long-term behavioral change. Machine learning tools showed potential for predicting recovery outcomes. Despite overall promising results for personalized, technology-supported care, systemic challenges such as urban-rural disparities, technological barriers, and resource demands persist, highlighting the need for tailored and equitable solutions in modern outpatient stroke management Conclusions: Modern outpatient stroke care integrates digital innovations, specialized clinics, and multidisciplinary approaches, enhancing outcomes yet demanding tailored strategies and equitable access to overcome persistent technological and systemic challenges.