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  1. Home
  3. Middle Segment Surgery: Indications, Techniques, And Future Directions.
  1. Home
  3. Middle Segment Surgery: Indications, Techniques, And Future Directions.

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Middle segment surgery: indications, techniques, and future directions.

Sadeer B Hannush1,2,3, Arturo Chayet4, Cristos Ifantides5

  • 1Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|November 28, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Middle segment surgery (MSS), an ophthalmic technique through the pars plana, effectively addresses anterior segment issues and complications. Cross-training in anterior and posterior segment surgery enhances its application and outcomes.

Keywords:
intraocular lensintraocular lens displacementpars planascleral fixationvitrectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Ophthalmic Surgery

Background:

  • Middle segment surgery (MSS) involves ophthalmic surgical intervention via the pars plana.
  • It is increasingly utilized for anterior segment abnormalities and surgical challenges.
  • MSS requires a multidisciplinary understanding of anterior and posterior segment diagnostics and techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review foundational skills for MSS.
  • To outline current clinical indications for MSS.
  • To propose pathways for MSS training, credentialing, and innovation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence on MSS.
  • Analysis of current clinical applications and surgical techniques.
  • Exploration of training and credentialing frameworks.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports MSS as a viable approach for anterior segment and lens-related abnormalities.
  • Pars plana intervention is effective for managing postoperative complications.
  • Surgeons with cross-training in anterior and posterior segments are ideal for MSS.

Conclusions:

  • MSS is a valuable technique with expanding indications in ophthalmology.
  • Further development in training and credentialing is needed for widespread adoption.
  • Innovation in MSS techniques and applications is ongoing.