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Evaluation of the Impact of Oral Implant with Different Thread Designs on Marginal Bone Loss: A Comparative Study
Mohammad Jalaluddin1, Veeriah C Jasthi2, Shalin D Shah3
1Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences (KIDS), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Phone: +91 9338131843,
Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of oral implants with three different thread designs on marginal bone loss using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials And Methods:
A total of 45 participants between the ages of 25 and 45 years were included in this study. The first round of periodontal treatment was administered to each participant. After performing an osteotomy, implants were inserted into the osteotomy site. All participants were randomly divided into three groups, with 15 participants in each group as follows: Group I: Participants received implants with spiral thread design, group II: Participants received implants with crestal microthreads design, and group III: Participants received implants with dual-fit implant design. Using the CBCT, radiographic examinations were performed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. In all directions (mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal), the crestal bone level circumference surrounding the implant was measured. All data were recorded and statistically analyzed.
Results:
The mean marginal bone level at baseline in group I was 4.78 ± 0.06, group II was 4.96 ± 0.12, and group III was 5.04 ± 0.18. The mean marginal bone level at 3 months in group I was changed to 5.24 ± 0.10, group II was changed to 5.60 ± 0.09, and group III was changed to 5.71 ± 0.18. The least mean marginal bone loss was found in group I, which was 5.40 ± 0.14, group II was 6.12 ± 0.04, and group III was 6.46 ± 0.10. A significant difference was found among three different implant thread designs. And post hoc reveals the significant difference found between group I vs group II and group I vs group III.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, implants with spiral thread design exhibited significantly less marginal bone loss than those with implants with crestal microthreads design and implants with dual fit implant design.
Clinical Significance:
Thread design affects bone loss primarily by the way it transmits mechanical stress to the surrounding bone. In order to avoid high stress concentrations around the implant neck, which are linked to bone resorption, an optimized design is necessary. The surface area for bone-implant contact is increased by some thread patterns, which can enhance stability and osseointegration and lessen bone loss. How to cite this article: Jalaluddin M, Jasthi VC, Shah SD, et al. Evaluation of the Impact of Oral Implant with Different Thread Designs on Marginal Bone Loss: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(9):872-875.
