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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Comparative Patterns in CKD among Native Israeli and Immigrant Ethnic Populations.

Yael Einbinder1,2, Tzipi Hornik-Lurie3, Keren Cohen-Hagai1,2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression varies significantly among ethnic groups in Israel. Ethiopian immigrants showed faster CKD progression in younger individuals, while native Arabs faced the highest risk across all ages.

Keywords:
CKD nondialysischronic kidney failureclinical epidemiologyprogression of renal failure

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology and Public Health
  • Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases
  • Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health concern, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality.
  • Existing research indicates considerable variation in CKD prevalence and progression rates across diverse ethnic populations.
  • Understanding these ethnic differences is crucial for targeted public health interventions and equitable healthcare delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the prevalence and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among distinct ethnic groups within Israel.
  • To identify specific ethnic populations at higher risk for CKD development and adverse progression.
  • To analyze the influence of demographic factors and traditional risk factors on CKD outcomes in different ethnic cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective longitudinal cohort study utilizing electronic medical records from Clalit Health Services, a large Israeli healthcare provider.
  • Inclusion of over 1.6 million members, comprising Ethiopian immigrants, former Soviet Union immigrants, native-born Arabs, and native-born Jews.
  • Assessment of CKD progression based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline (≥50%), initiation of renal replacement therapy, or mortality.

Main Results:

  • Ethiopian immigrants exhibited lower CKD prevalence but demonstrated faster CKD progression among individuals under 50 years old (HR 1.47).
  • The native Arab population presented with higher BMI and diabetes prevalence, alongside the greatest risk for significant eGFR decline (HR 1.75) across all age groups.
  • Young Ethiopian individuals showed increased risk and accelerated eGFR decline, independent of traditional risk factors, highlighting unique disease pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Significant ethnic variations in CKD prevalence and progression exist within the Israeli population, necessitating tailored clinical and public health strategies.
  • Native Arab populations face a disproportionately high risk of CKD progression, linked to higher rates of obesity and diabetes.
  • Younger Ethiopian immigrants exhibit a distinct pattern of accelerated CKD progression, warranting further investigation into underlying mechanisms beyond traditional risk factors.