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Evidence for evolutionary divergence in temporal integration windows between human and monkey auditory cortex.

Pradeep Dheerendra1, Christopher I Petkov2, Adrian Rees3

  • 1School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, G128QB, UK; Biosciences Institute, and Centre for Transformative Neuroscience, Newcastle University, NE24HH, UK.

Hearing Research
|December 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humans and non-human primates (NHP) process sound timescales differently in the auditory cortex. While both use similar areas for short and long windows, human primary auditory cortex is more sensitive to longer timescales, possibly for speech processing.

Keywords:
HumansNHPsPrimatesTime window processingTimescales

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Primate Cognition

Background:

  • The temporal dimension of sound processing in the primate auditory cortex is not fully understood.
  • Understanding how the brain processes acoustic time windows is crucial for comprehending auditory perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze studies on the cortical representation of temporal sound processing in humans and non-human primates (NHP).
  • To identify commonalities and differences in temporal processing across species, particularly focusing on the auditory cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neurophysiological studies.
  • Analysis of functional anatomy and response patterns to temporal integration in humans, macaques, and marmosets.

Main Results:

  • A common organization for temporal processing exists in primates, with shorter time windows processed in postero-medial areas and longer windows in lateral areas.
  • Human primary auditory cortex shows sensitivity to longer temporal timescales compared to macaque primary auditory cortex.
  • Differences in neurobiological sensitivity align with observed behavioral differences between species.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest potential evolutionary specialization in the human auditory cortex for processing longer temporal sound features.
  • This specialization may be linked to the demands of speech processing, which requires sensitivity to extended timescales.