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Artificial Intelligence Can Answer Postoperative Questions About Distal Radius Fractures-But Can Patients Understand

Rae Tarapore¹, Suhasini Gupta¹, Kenneth R Means¹

¹The Curtis National Hand Center, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD.

Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online

|December 8, 2025

Summary

Artificial intelligence chatbots like ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini provide good quality answers for postoperative questions. However, their high reading levels present a barrier to patient understanding, making them best as supplementary tools.

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence ChatGPT Copilot Distal radius fractures Readability

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Area of Science:

Medical Informatics
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Patient Communication

Background:

Patient education is crucial for postoperative recovery.
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly used for health information.
Assessing the suitability of AI for patient queries is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the validity, reliability, and readability of AI responses to patient questions about distal radius fracture surgery.
To compare ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, and Google Gemini.

Main Methods:

27 questions on distal radius fracture repair were input into ChatGPT 4, Gemini, and Copilot.
Responses were assessed using DISCERN, JAMA benchmark criteria, and Flesch-Kincaid readability scores.
Responses were re-evaluated after requesting simplification.

Main Results:

All AI platforms provided "good" quality answers (DISCERN >50).
Copilot demonstrated the highest quality (68.3) and reliability (JAMA score 3/4).
Readability scores indicated a high-school reading level (Grade 10.5-12.1), with simplification improving ChatGPT and Copilot but not Gemini.

Conclusions:

AI platforms offer safe and reliable postoperative information for distal radius fractures.
High reading levels remain a significant barrier to patient accessibility.
AI tools are best used as adjuncts to, not replacements for, healthcare provider communication.