Measuring Physical Characteristics and Physical Capacities in Rugby Union: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Human Movement Science
• Physical Education

Background:

• Rugby union performance relies heavily on physical characteristics and capacities.
• Effective physical preparation strategies require a clear understanding of these attributes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review literature on physical characteristics and capacities in rugby union.
• To focus on positional differences and competition levels.
• To describe common testing methods for these attributes.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search (electronic and manual).
• Inclusion of 445 studies.
• Analysis of reported outcomes across anthropometry, speed, strength, power, and aerobic/anaerobic capacities.

Main Results:

• A wide range of testing methods were used across the included studies.
• Key physical performance constructs were reported, including anthropometry, change of direction, linear speed, aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, strength, and power.
• No consensus exists on applied testing, assessment, or outcome measures for crucial physical qualities in rugby union.

Conclusions:

• There is a lack of empirical evidence to guide the selection of optimal testing batteries for rugby union.
• Practitioners may need to rely on theoretical frameworks to inform test selection.
• Identifying specific physical characteristics and capacities crucial for rugby performance is essential for selecting relevant tests and metrics.