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  3. Lower Limb Deformity In Different Types Of Rickets.
  1. Home
  3. Lower Limb Deformity In Different Types Of Rickets.

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Lower Limb Deformity in Different Types of Rickets.

Anahita Mayr1,2, Benjamin Kraler2,3, Catharina Chiari2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 11, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lower limb deformities in rickets, particularly hypophosphatemic (HPR) and calcipenic (CR) forms, differ significantly. Coronal deformities are common, but axial and sagittal deformities are under-reported, especially in CR.

Keywords:
XLHcalcipenic ricketshypophosphatemic ricketslower limb deformitypediatric bone diseaserickets

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Metabolic Bone Disease

Background:

  • Rickets impairs growth plate mineralization, leading to pediatric skeletal deformities.
  • Lower limb deformities significantly impact children's quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare lower limb deformities in hypophosphatemic rickets (HPR) and calcipenic rickets (CR).
  • To identify differences in deformity types and reporting quality between HPR and CR.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic PubMed search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
  • Analysis of 126 studies with 21,568 patients, focusing on deformity types and diagnostic methods.
  • Descriptive analysis and subgroup comparison between HPR and CR.

Main Results:

  • Genu varum and valgum were most common; windswept deformities were less frequent.
  • Sagittal and torsional deformities (e.g., maltorsion, procurvatum) were mainly reported in HPR, not CR.
  • Few studies met quality standards for radiological assessment and deformity definition.

    • Conclusions:

    • Lower limb deformities are prevalent in both HPR and CR but vary in type and documentation.
    • Axial and sagittal deformities are under-reported in rickets, particularly CR.
    • Standardized criteria and improved reporting are needed for rickets deformity management.