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Pruritus, or itchiness, affects 35% of palliative care patients, impacting sleep and skin. This review covers treatments for common causes like uremic, cholestatic, and opioid-induced pruritus.

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Care Medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Symptom Management

Background:

  • Pruritus is a prevalent symptom in palliative care, affecting approximately 35% of patients.
  • It significantly diminishes quality of life by disrupting sleep, increasing fatigue, and causing skin lesions.
  • The diverse etiologies of pruritus present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of therapeutic options for common types of pruritus in palliative care.
  • To address the management of uremic, cholestatic, paraneoplastic, paresthesia-related, and opioid-induced pruritus.
  • To aid clinicians in selecting appropriate treatments for pruritus in advanced illness.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of therapeutic strategies for pruritus in palliative care.
  • Focus on common pruritus etiologies relevant to patients with advanced illnesses.
  • Synthesis of current treatment guidelines and evidence.

Main Results:

  • Pruritus management requires addressing underlying causes and utilizing targeted therapies.
  • Specific treatments vary based on the etiology, with options for uremic, cholestatic, paraneoplastic, paresthesia-related, and opioid-induced pruritus.
  • Effective management can improve patient comfort and quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing pruritus is crucial in palliative care to enhance patient well-being.
  • A systematic approach to identifying the cause and selecting appropriate treatments is essential.
  • Further research into novel therapies for refractory pruritus is warranted.