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Related Experiment Video

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Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
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A Functional Resting-State Network Atlas Based on 420 Older Adults with Hypertension.

Norman Scheel1,2, Zac Fernandez1,2, Josh Baker1,2

  • 1Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, MI, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new functional atlas, rrAD420, was developed for aging brains using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data. This atlas improves the study of neurodegenerative diseases and biomarker discovery in older adults.

Keywords:
AgingAlzheimer’s DiseaseFunctional AtlasHypertensionPROFUMOResting-State fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Gerontology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Standard resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) atlases are derived from young adults and do not capture age-related brain changes.
  • Aging is associated with cortical atrophy, enlarged ventricles, and altered functional connectivity, necessitating age-specific neuroimaging tools.
  • The Risk Reduction for Alzheimer's Disease (rrAD) trial provided a cohort of older adults with dementia risk factors for developing a tailored atlas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a functional brain atlas specifically designed for aging populations using rs-fMRI data.
  • To create a cohort-specific anatomical template (rrAD420) and derive a comprehensive functional atlas.
  • To enhance the study of neurodegenerative processes and identify potential biomarkers in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 420 high-quality baseline rs-fMRI scans from the rrAD trial cohort.
  • Created a cohort-specific MNI-adjacent anatomical template, rrAD420, using SPM12's DARTEL registration.
  • Derived functional atlas components using group independent component analysis (GICA) and probabilistic functional mode decomposition (PROFUMO).

Main Results:

  • Developed the rrAD420 atlas, providing detailed representations of Resting-State Network (RSN) connectivity in older adults.
  • Generated Default-Mode Network (DMN)-specific seed-based maps and data-driven components mirroring major RSNs.
  • PROFUMO identified multimodal and combinatory networks, revealing complex within- and between-network interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The rrAD420 atlas accurately represents functional brain organization in older adults, accounting for age-related changes.
  • This atlas is a valuable tool for research on neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, in aging populations.
  • The rrAD420 atlas facilitates biomarker discovery and the study of brain aging.