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Rapid Mix Preparation of Bioinspired Nanoscale Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications
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Robust adhesion between solid-state hydroxyapatite and bone tissue through surface demineralization.

Shichao Xie1, Masahiro Okada2, Haruyuki Aoyagi1

  • 1Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.

Bioactive Materials
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel hydroxyapatite (HAp) bone adhesive demonstrated strong fixation by demineralizing bone surfaces. This strategy enhances biocompatibility and mechanical strength for biomedical applications.

Keywords:
CollagenDemineralized boneHydrationHydroxyapatiteSolid-state adhesive

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Current bone adhesives often exhibit insufficient mechanical strength, long-term stability, and biocompatibility.
  • Developing advanced bone adhesives is crucial for improving orthopedic procedures and bone defect repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a novel solid-state hydroxyapatite (HAp) adhesive combined with bone surface demineralization for enhanced bone adhesion.
  • To investigate the impact of different demineralization agents on the adhesive properties and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-state HAp adhesives were synthesized and characterized.
  • Cortical bone was demineralized using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
  • Shear adhesion strength was measured, and in vivo fixation was assessed in rats.

Main Results:

  • Effective adhesion was achieved on demineralized bone surfaces, but not on non-demineralized bone.
  • EDTA-treated samples showed significantly higher shear adhesion strength (238.4 kPa at 10 h) compared to H3PO4-treated samples (102.9 kPa at 1 h).
  • EDTA preserved collagen structure and water content, enhancing adhesion; stable in vivo fixation was confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • Surface demineralization is key for strong adhesion of solid-state HAp to bone by exposing collagen swollen with water.
  • Adhesion strength is influenced by demineralized layer structural changes.
  • The HAp adhesive offers stable in vivo fixation, showing potential for bone-anchored biomedical applications.