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Xuandong Sun1,2,3, Longcheng Li4,5, Zhiyi Wu2,6

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Researchers experimentally implemented the Floquet-Bacon-Shor code, a type of quantum error correction, on a superconducting processor. This demonstrates a new pathway for resource-efficient, fault-tolerant quantum computation using dynamical logical qubits.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Error Correction

Background:

  • Quantum error correction (QEC) is crucial for fault-tolerant (FT) quantum computation, protecting quantum systems from noise.
  • Stabilizer codes like surface and color codes are established QEC methods.
  • Time-dynamical QEC, including Floquet codes, offers new possibilities for FT quantum computation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally implement the Floquet-Bacon-Shor code on a superconducting quantum processor.
  • To demonstrate the encoding and stabilization of dynamical logical qubits.
  • To showcase the potential of Floquet codes for resource-efficient FT quantum computation.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of the Floquet-Bacon-Shor code on a 3x3 superconducting qubit lattice.
  • Encoding and measurement of two-qubit logical states, including a dynamical and a static logical qubit.
  • Application of universal single-qubit gates and a logical CNOT gate for entanglement.

Main Results:

  • Successful FT encoding and measurement of two-qubit logical states.
  • Stabilization of encoded states through repeated error detection.
  • Generation of an error-detected logical Bell state between dynamical and static qubits with 75.9% fidelity.
  • Demonstration of universal single-qubit gates on the dynamical logical qubit.

Conclusions:

  • The experimental implementation validates the Floquet-Bacon-Shor code for quantum error correction.
  • Floquet codes show promise for enhancing error correction capabilities and code performance.
  • This work highlights the potential of dynamical QEC for resource-efficient FT quantum computation.