Anti-Inflammatory and Lipid Metabolism Modulatory Effects of Lantana camara L. Extract, With Enhanced Fibroblast...

Inflammation is a complex process associated with various chronic diseases. Lantana camara L., widely used in traditional medicine, exhibits diverse bioactivities, though its effects on lipid metabolism, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in macrophages, and fibroblast migration remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether the ethanolic extract from L. camara leaves (LCE) influences these processes. Phytochemical analysis by an ultra-fast liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry identified flavonoids and iridoid glycosides in the extract. Cytotoxicity assays using BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages and L929 fibroblasts showed no significant effect on cell viability. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed through nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid bodies (LB), and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and PGE2. LCE significantly reduced NO (74.61 ± 5.08%), ROS (58.38 ± 1.77%), and LB formation (53.56 ± 3.33%), as well as TNF-α (40.63 ± 1.33%), TGF-β (88.96 ± 12.87%), and PGE2 (56.88 ± 27.10%) levels. Wound healing potential was evaluated via scratch assay, with LCE promoting fibroblast migration up to 86.26 ± 0.81% after 48 h. These findings indicate that LCE modulates macrophage inflammatory responses and promotes tissue repair, supporting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing inflammation, oxidative stress, and wound healing.