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HOSPITAL FREQUENCY OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE HOSPITAL, IBADAN,
O S Ogah1,2, A A Oloso1, L Adesanoye1
1Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State.
Insights
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) affects 23.8% of hospital patients in Ibadan, being more common in males. Early ECG detection of LVH is crucial for managing cardiovascular disease risks.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Medical Diagnostics
- Public Health
Background:
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) increases cardiomyocyte size and predicts cardiovascular diseases.
- Early detection of LVH is vital for intervention, potentially halting progression or inducing regression.
- Limited data exists on ECG-diagnosed LVH frequency in Nigerian hospital populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the frequency of electrocardiographically diagnosed LVH in adult hospital patients in Ibadan.
- To identify demographic and clinical associations of LVH in this population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1678 12-Lead ECGs from January to June 2023 at UCH, Ibadan.
- Inclusion criteria: adult men and women aged 18 years and above.
- LVH diagnosis based on Sokolow-Lyon or Cornell voltage criteria.
Main Results:
- LVH was detected in 23.8% (399/1678) of patients.
- LVH was significantly more frequent in males (28.8%) than females (20.16%).
- LVH prevalence increased with age and was associated with atrial fibrillation (OR 3.29), other arrhythmias (OR 1.74), and left atrial enlargement (OR 3.35).
Conclusions:
- The frequency of ECG-detected LVH at UCH, Ibadan, was 23.8%.
- LVH was predominantly observed in males and associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors.
- Findings highlight the importance of ECG screening for LVH in hospital settings.
Background And Objective:
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an increase in left ventricular mass due to an increase in cardiomyocyte size. It is said to be a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases. Detection of LVH is important as early diagnosis and initiation of measures can reduce/halt progression or even cause regression, resulting in prevention or delay of unfavourable cardiovascular outcomes. There is limited data on the frequency of electrocardiographic LVH in hospital population (in-patient and out-patient) in Nigeria. Therefore, the study aimed to estimate the frequency of ECG-diagnosed LVH in hospital patients in Ibadan.
Method:
The study was conducted at the cardiology unit of UCH, Ibadan. 12-Lead ECGs done between 01/01/2023 to 30/06/2023 for adult men and women 18 years and above were studied. Diagnosis of LVH was based on either Sokolow- Lyon or Cornell voltage criteria.
Results:
A total of 1678 tracings were analyzed (male - 701, female - 977). LVH was present in 399 tracings (23.8%, 238 cases per thousand), and was significantly more frequent in males than females (28.8% vs. 20.16%). Frequency increased with increasing age. LVH was noted to be significantly associated with incident atrial fibrillation (AF), other arrhythmias, and left atrial enlargement with odds ratios of 3.29 (95% CI: 1.60-6.80), 1.74 (95% CI: 1.17-2.58) and 3.35 (95% CI: 2.52-4.46) respectively.
Conclusion:
The frequency of ECG-detected LVH was 23.8% in UCH. It was predominantly seen in males and significantly associated with AF, other arrhythmias and left atrial enlargement.
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