조영증강 유방촬영술: 현재의 임상적 활용과 미래 방향에 대한 종합적 고찰

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is an advanced imaging technique that combines morphological and functional information to enhance breast cancer detection, similar to MRI. Using dual-energy X-rays and iodinated contrast agents, CEM highlights enhancing abnormalities and is highly sensitive in detecting malignancies, particularly in dense breasts. Its advantages include rapid image acquisition and cost-effectiveness, making it useful in screening, diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of chemotherapy response. Emerging applications of radiomics and artificial intelligence are poised to improve lesion characterization and predict molecular subtypes. While promising, CEM also has limitations, including increased radiation exposure, risks associated with contrast, potential for false results, and difficulty in widespread integration because of the limited availability of CEM-guided biopsy. Overall, CEM is a valuable and cost-effective tool with increased clinical relevance. This review provides a comprehensive summary of CEM for clinical and future considerations.