Risk-adapted Prostate Cancer Screening Achieves Mammography-like Benefits: Evidence and Implications for Europe

Using Germany as a case example, a comparison between organized mammography screening and contemporary, risk-adapted screening for prostate cancer suggests that prostate-specific antigen-based early detection with incorporation of magnetic resonance imaging and active surveillance can achieve benefits comparable to those of mammography while addressing previous concerns about overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Findings from the PROBASE trial support the potential of such an approach to provide a favorable balance between benefit and harm when initiated at younger ages.