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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Marie-Jeanne Kergoat1,2, Juan-Manuel Villalpando1,2, Bernard-Simon Leclerc2,3

  • 1Faculte de medecine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
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This summary is machine-generated.

This review found that while Alzheimer's disease diagnosis is shifting to biomarkers, clinical criteria remain vital for large studies. Standardizing these criteria is crucial for consistent Alzheimer's research across diverse populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis is evolving towards biomarker-based definitions, moving beyond traditional clinical criteria.
  • A long preclinical phase in AD presents diagnostic challenges, particularly in comparing data across diverse research cohorts.
  • Current cohort studies often rely on varied methodologies, complicating consistent AD progression tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and compare diagnostic criteria used in prospective population studies of the Alzheimer's disease clinical continuum.
  • To assess the alignment of diagnostic criteria across cohorts focusing on older adults with Alzheimer's disease.
  • To identify trends and variations in diagnostic approaches within Alzheimer's disease research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of cohort studies initiated from 2000 onwards, with a minimum 3-year follow-up in community-dwelling adults aged 50-85.
  • Searched major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO, Web of Science) for relevant original studies.
  • Evaluated methodological quality using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.

Main Results:

  • 28 studies covering 25 cohorts were selected from 3297 initial papers.
  • Convergence in diagnostic criteria was observed for later stages of Alzheimer's disease, but variability persisted for early stages.
  • Few cohorts (5/25) examined the full spectrum of Alzheimer's disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical diagnostic criteria remain valuable for Alzheimer's disease research, especially in large-scale or resource-limited settings, despite the trend towards biomarker-based diagnosis.
  • Adopting standardized clinical criteria is essential for large population studies on Alzheimer's disease.
  • The review highlights areas of agreement and disagreement in current criteria, informing the development of future standardized diagnostic tools for Alzheimer's disease.