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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Fei Wu1,2, Ali Dirani3, Monica Lavoie4,5

  • 1Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Logopenic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (lvPPA) patients show thinner retinal nerve fiber layers and reduced foveal avascular zone circularity. These optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A) findings suggest potential as early diagnostic biomarkers for lvPPA.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Logopenic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (lvPPA) is a neurodegenerative language disorder.
  • Amyloidopathy underlies 86% of lvPPA cases, similar to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A) are non-invasive retinal biomarkers explored in AD, but not yet in lvPPA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare retinal findings in lvPPA patients and healthy controls using OCT and OCT-A.
  • To investigate the potential of OCT and OCT-A as non-invasive biomarkers for lvPPA.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study included lvPPA patients and age/sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Ophthalmological assessments excluded participants with pre-existing neurological or eye conditions.
  • OCT/OCT-A imaging was performed; lvPPA patients also underwent lumbar puncture and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) assessment.

Main Results:

  • Ten lvPPA patients (all with amyloidopathy) and eleven controls were analyzed.
  • lvPPA patients exhibited significantly thinner temporal retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) compared to controls (63.1 ± 3.3 μm vs 75.6 ± 3.2 μm, p=0.013).
  • lvPPA patients showed significantly lower foveal avascular zone (FAZ) circularity (0.69 ± 0.02 vs 0.77 ± 0.02, p=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • Decreased RNFL thickness in lvPPA may indicate neuronal degeneration due to amyloid accumulation or retrograde degeneration.
  • Reduced FAZ circularity in lvPPA could suggest early amyloid-induced vascular alterations.
  • OCT and OCT-A show promise as valuable, non-invasive biomarkers for enhancing early diagnosis of lvPPA.