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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.
Dirce Samilly Souza da Silva1, Mel Ferreira Silva Agnelo1, Natalia Pozo Castro2,3,4,5
1Adventist College of Amazonia, Benevides, PA, Brazil.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
Summary
Lifestyle interventions like exercise and diet may improve cognitive function. However, their specific impact on individuals with the Apolipoprotein E e4 allele (APOE-e4) requires further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Public Health
- Genetics
Background:
- Dementia, a growing public health concern linked to aging populations.
- Alzheimer's disease, the primary dementia type, is influenced by genetic (APOE-e4 allele) and lifestyle factors.
- The interplay between genetic predisposition and lifestyle in cognitive decline remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the role of the Apolipoprotein E e4 allele (APOE-e4) in lifestyle interventions' effects on cognitive performance.
- To understand how genetic factors interact with lifestyle modifications in the context of cognitive health.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published up to May 2024.
- Searches conducted in major databases: Pubmed, EMBASE, and Web of Science.
- Eligibility criteria included RCT design, lifestyle interventions, cognitive assessment, and APOE-e4 analysis.
Main Results:
- Fifteen RCTs were included, focusing on exercise, diet, or combined interventions.
- Exercise and dietary interventions generally showed cognitive improvements in the overall sample.
- Limited studies compared intervention effects between APOE-e4 carriers and non-carriers, with inconclusive results.
Conclusions:
- Lifestyle interventions (exercise, diet) show potential for improving cognitive functions.
- The differential impact of lifestyle interventions on APOE-e4 carriers versus non-carriers is not yet conclusive.
- Further research is necessary to elucidate the specific effects on different genetic profiles.
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