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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Correlated Interlayer Quantum Hall State in Large-Angle Twisted Trilayer Graphene.

Dohun Kim1, Gyeoul Lee2, Nicolas Leconte3

  • 1Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.

Nano Letters
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Large-angle twisted trilayer graphene exhibits unique electronic states. Researchers observed quantum Hall phases, including spin-resolved helical edge modes and interlayer excitonic phases, showcasing tunable correlated states.

Keywords:
exciton condensationlarge-angle twisted trilayer graphenequantum hall effectspin-resolved helical edge

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Trilayer graphene allows electronic structure control via stacking and twist geometry.
  • This tunability makes it a promising platform for exploring correlated electronic states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate magnetotransport properties of large-angle twisted trilayer graphene.
  • Identify and characterize novel correlated states in this system.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of large-angle twisted trilayer graphene (twist angle ~5°).
  • Magnetotransport measurements to probe electronic behavior.
  • Hartree-Fock mean-field analysis to interpret observed phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Observed electron-hole asymmetry, explained by layer-dependent potential shifts.
  • At charge neutrality (νtot = 0), three low-resistance states emerged, attributed to spin-resolved helical edge modes.
  • At νtot = -1, suppressed resistance indicated an interlayer excitonic phase, consistent with quantum Hall regime behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated correlated interlayer quantum Hall phases in twisted trilayer graphene.
  • Combined spin-resolved helical edge transport with excitonic order.
  • Highlights the potential of twisted trilayer graphene for novel quantum phenomena.