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Why science is revered and rejected.

Robbie M Sutton1, Stefan Leach2

  • 1University of Kent, United Kingdom.

Current Opinion in Psychology
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Public trust in science is high, yet specific scientific claims are often rejected. This study explores four models explaining how positive views of science coexist with the rejection of scientific findings, particularly those perceived as less "sciency."

Area of Science:

  • Social studies of science
  • Science communication
  • Public understanding of science

Background:

  • Public attitudes toward science are generally positive but not unanimous.
  • Despite overall esteem, specific scientific claims face rejection, creating a paradox.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how positive attitudes toward science coexist with the rejection of scientific claims.
  • To outline models explaining the relationship between science esteem and claim rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing literature on science attitudes and rejection.
  • Development of four theoretical models to explain the coexistence of science esteem and claim rejection.
  • Exploration of concepts like 'scienciness' and 'desciencing' in scientific discourse.

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Main Results:

  • Four models explain the paradox: 1) Non-unanimous attitudes allow rejection of uncongenial claims. 2) Cherry-picking selectively accepts or rejects claims. 3) Claims with low perceived "scienciness" face prejudice. 4) "Desciencing" strategically downgrades claims, potentially altering public understanding of science.
  • These models illustrate how positive views of science can facilitate, coexist with, and be shaped by the rejection of specific scientific findings.

Conclusions:

  • The esteem of science does not prevent the rejection of specific claims.
  • Perceived 'scienciness' and 'desciencing' play significant roles in how scientific claims are accepted or rejected.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective science communication and maintaining public trust in science.