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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Leonard Ngarka1, Constance Ayuk Agbor2, Evelyne Mah3

  • 1Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Centre, Cameroon.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Severe malaria survivors often experience neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and epilepsy. High seizure frequency and disease duration predict epilepsy, while coma may predict NCI in children.

Keywords:
Severe malarianeurocognitive impairment epilepsy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe malaria poses a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and epilepsy are chronic sequelae of severe malaria, impacting quality of life.
  • Understanding these long-term effects is crucial for patient management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment and epilepsy in children post-severe malaria.
  • To analyze electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns in these children.
  • To identify predictors of NCI and epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Purdue Pegboard Test, California Verbal Learning Task, and ColorTrails.
  • EEG was performed to evaluate brain activity.
  • Data on seizure frequency, disease duration, and coma were collected.

Main Results:

  • The study included 50 children (27 males, 23 females).
  • Prevalence rates were 38% for NCI and 20% for epilepsy.
  • EEG abnormalities were detected in 59% of participants, with a 34.4% risk of epilepsy associated with EEG epileptic activity.

Conclusions:

  • Children recovering from severe malaria are at increased risk for NCI and epilepsy.
  • Higher seizure frequency and longer disease duration are significant predictors of epilepsy.
  • Coma showed a borderline association with NCI.