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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Thachamai Smitasiri1,2, Yuttachai Likitjaroen3,4

  • 1Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain MRI findings, specifically hippocampal atrophy, correlate with cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Cerebral small vessel disease markers also show associations, guiding potential early interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia diagnosis relies on cognitive testing and brain MRI.
  • Identifying simple MRI markers for cognitive performance aids early intervention for Alzheimer's disease suspects.
  • This study examines MRI-based visual rating scales for cerebral small vessel lesions (CSVL) and brain atrophy in relation to cognitive scores.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between visual rating scales of CSVL and brain atrophy on MRI and cognitive test scores (TMSE, MoCA-Thai).
  • To explore these associations in patients diagnosed with amnestic MCI or mild dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 100 patients with amnestic MCI or mild dementia.
  • Cognitive testing (TMSE or MoCA-Thai) and brain MRI with visual rating scales for CSVL (Fazekas, microbleeds, lacunes) and atrophy (GCA, MTA).
  • Spearman's correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed.

Main Results:

  • Moderate negative correlation found between MTA scores and baseline cognitive scores (TMSE, MoCA-Thai).
  • Weaker correlations observed between Fazekas score, microbleeds, lacunes, and TMSE scores.
  • MTA score and microbleeds significantly associated with TMSE and MoCA-Thai scores via regression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Visual rating scales of brain MRI are associated with cognitive performance in amnestic MCI and mild dementia.
  • Hippocampal atrophy shows a stronger association with cognitive performance than CSVL markers.
  • Further research with larger cohorts and biomarker confirmation is needed to understand long-term impacts.