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Clinical Manifestations.

Kristoffer Romero1, Ana Badal2, Astrid Coleman1

  • 1University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Informant concerns about memory and navigation best distinguish mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Self-reported complaints, including word-finding and depression, also correlate with cognitive performance, suggesting a combined approach is beneficial.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are crucial for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • Differentiating between MCI and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) relies on identifying specific SCCs.
  • Analyzing open-ended interview data offers a novel approach to SCC assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate which patient and informant SCCs best predict clinical group membership (MCI vs. SCD).
  • To determine the correlation between SCCs and objective cognitive performance.
  • To explore the utility of verbatim SCCs from clinical interviews.

Main Methods:

  • A chart review of 168 patients (91 MCI, 77 SCD) from a memory clinic.
  • Coding of SCCs by cognitive domain and mood from patient and informant reports.
  • Multivariate analysis (multiple correspondence analysis) to identify complaint patterns and their predictive value.

Main Results:

  • Informant SCCs related to memory, orientation, and navigation significantly differentiated between SCD and MCI groups.
  • Self-reported SCCs, including word-finding, attention, memory, and depression, correlated with objective cognitive performance.
  • Informant-based factors explained more variance (47%) than self-reported factors (30%).

Conclusions:

  • Informant-reported cognitive complaints regarding memory, orientation, and navigation are key differentiators for MCI.
  • Self-reported SCCs, while broader, reflect depressive symptoms and correlate with objective cognitive function.
  • Combining patient and informant SCCs from clinical interviews may enhance the characterization of cognitive decline.