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Related Concept Videos

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

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Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
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What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

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The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
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Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
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The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
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Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

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The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine
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Gasocrine hypothesis - a potential supplement to cell theory.

Savani Anbalagan1

  • 1Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.

Acta Biochimica Polonica
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Gasocrine signaling, mediated by gaseous molecules, is proposed as essential for all life. This concept, encompassing cellular and inter-organismal communication, offers a new framework for biology and gasocrinology.

Keywords:
cell theorygas sensinggaseous signaling moleculegasocrine signalinggasocrinologygasoreceptorquorum sensingriboceptor

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Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Current biological terminology lacks precise terms for oxygen-based signaling between organisms.
  • Gaseous molecules play a fundamental role in life processes.
  • The concept of gasocrine signaling, involving gaseous molecules and gasoreceptors, has been proposed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose the gasocrine hypothesis: all cells require gasocrine signaling.
  • To outline three sub-hypotheses regarding the necessity and mechanisms of gasocrine signaling.
  • To suggest experimental approaches for falsifying the gasocrine hypothesis.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development.
  • Hypothesis formulation.
  • Proposal of experimental falsification strategies.

Main Results:

  • The gasocrine hypothesis posits that all living organisms and acellular entities require gasocrine signaling for essential functions.
  • Gasocrine signaling, mediated by gasoreceptors or riboceptors, is hypothesized to be the most crucial form of signaling.
  • Potential experiments are proposed to test the validity of the gasocrine hypothesis.

Conclusions:

  • If validated, the gasocrine hypothesis would supplement the cell theory.
  • This framework offers novel insights into biological principles, cellular/organismal communication, and abiotic factor interactions.
  • It lays the groundwork for the new field of gasocrinology, relevant to environmental changes.