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Cristina Bravo1,2,3, Manuel Trinidad-Fernández1, David Barranco-I-Reixachs1

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study evaluated patient-reported outcome measures for body awareness (BA), finding the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2 (MAIA-2) shows the most promise, though further research is needed for optimal measurement properties.

Keywords:
PROMbody awarenessembodimentinteroceptive awarenessreliabilitysystematic reviewvalidity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychometrics
  • Health Sciences

Background:

  • Body awareness (BA) is a complex, subjective integration of bodily signals and internal/external conditions.
  • Its assessment relies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), requiring rigorous evaluation of their psychometric properties and cross-cultural adaptations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically identify and evaluate the psychometric properties of PROMs for body awareness.
  • To assess the quality of cross-cultural adaptation processes for these measures.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO.
  • Studies evaluating PROMs for BA in adults were selected based on COSMIN guidance, including risk of bias and quality criteria.
  • Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction.

Main Results:

  • Twelve BA questionnaires and over 30 cross-cultural adaptations were identified from 50 studies.
  • The Revised Body Awareness Rating Questionnaire and MAIA (1 and 2) demonstrated good structural validity and internal consistency.
  • MAIA-2 exhibited stronger evidence and better pooled psychometric results across four out of five properties compared to other instruments, despite variable construct validity and suboptimal reliability findings.

Conclusions:

  • The psychometric quality of BA PROMs is highly variable, indicating challenges in operationalizing the body awareness construct.
  • MAIA-2 currently offers the most acceptable evidence for measuring body awareness, but further high-quality research is essential to enhance its measurement properties and scope.