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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...

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In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection

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Operative Risk Factors and Microbiologic Profiles of Deep Infection Following Pilon Fracture Fixation.

Jackson M Cathey¹, Crystal Jing¹, Julia E Ralph¹

¹School of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Duke University, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

|December 31, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Deep tissue infection after pilon fracture surgery is a risk. While longer operative times were observed in infected patients, this study did not find a significant independent association with infection risk.

Keywords:

ORIF fixation fracture infection operative time pilon

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Published on: December 3, 2017

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Infectious Disease
Trauma Care

Background:

Deep tissue infection is a significant complication after operative fixation of pilon fractures.
Intraoperative factors and microbial characteristics influencing these infections are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate demographic, injury-related, operative, and microbiologic variables associated with deep infection following pilon fracture fixation.
To identify risk factors for deep infection and its outcomes.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 123 patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation for pilon fractures.
Analysis of patient demographics, injury characteristics, surgical details, and microbiological data.
Statistical evaluation to identify variables associated with deep infection.

Main Results:

Nine patients (7.3%) developed deep infections.
Infected patients had longer operative times, but this was not an independent risk factor after covariate adjustment.
Common pathogens included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterobacter cloacae.
Deep infections led to high rates of nonunion (67%), post-traumatic osteoarthritis (44%), and amputation (33%).

Conclusions:

Operative duration may not be an independent predictor of deep infection risk in pilon fractures.
Larger studies are required to confirm these findings.
Deep infections following pilon fracture fixation have severe consequences, necessitating further research into prevention and management strategies.