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Re-direction of surface plasmon-coupled emission using metallic nanoparticles.

Kundan Sivashanmugan1, Joseph R Lakowicz1

  • 1Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore St, Baltimore MD 21201, United States.

Materials Letters
|January 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) is redirected upwards using silver particles. This innovation allows fluorescence detection from the top or bottom, expanding plasmon-controlled fluorescence (PCF) applications in diagnostics.

Keywords:
FluorescenceMetalNanoparticlesPlasmonSPCE

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) arises from fluorophore coupling with plasmonic states near metal films.
  • SPCE typically exhibits narrow angular emission from the bottom, limiting its use in standard assay instruments.
  • Current SPCE detection methods require specialized prism-based setups, hindering high-throughput screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a method for redirecting SPCE into the free-space direction.
  • To enable top-reading detection of SPCE for broader instrument compatibility.
  • To expand the utility of plasmon-controlled fluorescence (PCF) in diagnostic and assay development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a thin layer of silver particles to modify SPCE emission patterns.
  • Investigating the redirection of plasmon-coupled emission using plasmonic nanoparticles.
  • Analyzing the angular distribution of fluorescence emission after modification with silver particles.

Main Results:

  • SPCE was successfully re-directed upwards into the free-space direction using a layer of silver particles.
  • This redirection enables fluorescence measurements from both the top and bottom of the sample.
  • The modified emission pattern overcomes the limitations of bottom-emission-only detection.

Conclusions:

  • Silver particles can effectively redirect SPCE, enhancing its applicability.
  • This technique facilitates top-reading fluorescence measurements, compatible with standard assay platforms.
  • The developed method broadens the scope of plasmon-controlled fluorescence assays for diagnostics and screening.