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Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
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Color in Coordination Complexes
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism.

San-Dong Guo1

  • 1School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China. sandongyuwang@163.com.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|January 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers introduce hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism for spintronics. This material concept enables non-zero local spin polarization with zero net spin, enhancing device efficiency and speed.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Zero-net-magnetization magnets with spin-splitting offer advantages like faster switching and lower power consumption in spintronics.
  • Altermagnets and fully-compensated ferrimagnets exhibit hidden spin polarization, with zero net spin but non-zero local spin polarization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the concept of hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism.
  • Predict a material exhibiting this phenomenon for spintronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized first-principles calculations.
  • Investigated PT-bilayer CrMoC2S6 for hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism.

Main Results:

  • Predicted PT-bilayer CrMoC2S6 exhibits hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism.
  • Demonstrated fully-compensated ferrimagnetic hidden spin splitting, observable via an external electric field.

Conclusions:

  • Hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism offers a new avenue for spintronic materials.
  • The predicted material facilitates advancements in spintronics through controllable hidden spin polarization.