Split-flow electroextraction with in-situ matrix cleanup for analysis of shellfish toxins

Area of Science:

• Food Chemistry
• Analytical Chemistry
• Environmental Science

Background:

• Lipophilic shellfish toxin (LST) analysis is challenging due to complex food matrices and extensive sample preparation.
• Existing methods suffer from matrix interference and laborious procedures, hindering efficient food safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel, efficient method for analyzing LSTs in food.
• To overcome limitations of electric field-assisted sample preparation (EFASP) such as bubble formation and direct extraction from solid matrices.

Main Methods:

• Developed a split-flow in-situ matrix cleanup electroextraction (SF/ISMC-EE) technique coupled with LC-MS/MS.
• Utilized a multi-channel split-flow design to suppress bubbles and enable rapid enrichment.
• Incorporated chitosan for in-situ cleanup, facilitating direct electroextraction from solid/semi-solid foods.

Main Results:

• The SF/ISMC-EE method successfully integrated extraction, cleanup, and enrichment in a single step.
• Validated with certified reference materials and real samples, showing high accuracy and precision.
• Achieved low detection limits compliant with EU regulations for LST analysis.

Conclusions:

• SF/ISMC-EE is the first EFASP method applied to LST analysis, providing a robust and efficient solution.
• This method significantly simplifies sample preparation and reduces matrix interference.
• Offers a valuable tool for enhanced food safety monitoring of LSTs.