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MPCID, A new high-resolution multi-precipitation concentration indicators dataset for mainland China
Dongyang Zhang1,2,3, Xuemei Li4,5,6, Lanhai Li7
1Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Scientific Data
|January 6, 2026
Summary
A new dataset for China, the Multi-Precipitation Concentration Indicators Dataset (MPCID), offers continuous historical and future precipitation data. It aids in understanding climate change impacts on water resources and ecosystems.
Area of Science:
- Hydrology and Climate Science
- Environmental Data Science
Background:
- Global climate change intensifies the hydrological cycle, increasing extreme precipitation events.
- Existing precipitation concentration indicators face data limitations, hindering analysis of historical and future trends.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce the Multi-Precipitation Concentration Indicators Dataset (MPCID) for mainland China, providing spatiotemporally continuous data from 1961-2100.
- To integrate historical observations with future climate projections for comprehensive precipitation analysis.
Main Methods:
- Integrated historical in-situ and gridded observations (1961-2022) with downscaled CMIP6 projections (2015-2100) across four SSP scenarios.
- Incorporated four key indicators: precipitation concentration degree (PCD), precipitation concentration period (PCP), daily precipitation concentration index (DPCI), and monthly precipitation concentration index (MPCI).
- Validated indicators against station data to assess reliability and performance.
Main Results:
- The precipitation concentration degree (PCD) was identified as the most reliable indicator, showing minimal errors, high correlation, and negligible bias.
- Daily precipitation concentration index (DPCI) showed moderate error control but limited daily-scale correlation due to precipitation stochasticity.
- Monthly precipitation concentration index (MPCI) had reduced sensitivity to extreme events, while PCP had temporal phase alignment limitations.
Conclusions:
- MPCID overcomes data fragmentation, offering a continuous resource for studying precipitation dynamics.
- The dataset is crucial for assessing climate change impacts on hydrology and agriculture.
- MPCID provides a foundation for developing adaptive management strategies for water resources.
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