[Knee osteotomies-Indication, planning and technical considerations]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic surgery
• Biomechanical engineering
• Musculoskeletal research

Background:

• Knee osteotomies are vital for correcting lower limb malalignment.
• They help preserve the knee joint and address ligament or patellar instability.
• Advancements necessitate tailored surgical approaches based on patient anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review decision-making processes for knee osteotomies.
• To guide the selection of appropriate osteotomy techniques (single, double, or multiplanar).
• To emphasize safety, precision, and complication management in knee osteotomy.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review on knee osteotomy techniques.
• Analysis of deformity assessment and correction goals.
• Discussion of planning, execution, and complication avoidance strategies.

Main Results:

• Decision-making hinges on patient-specific anatomy and functional demands.
• Meticulous planning, safety, and reproducibility are paramount for successful outcomes.
• Anticipating and managing potential complications, like unintended multiplanar malalignment, is essential.

Conclusions:

• The choice of osteotomy technique requires careful consideration of deformity analysis and patient needs.
• Mastery of planning and complication management ensures optimal results in knee osteotomy.
• This review provides a framework for selecting and executing knee osteotomies effectively.