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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Synthesis of Core-shell Lanthanide-doped Upconversion Nanocrystals for Cellular Applications

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Published on: November 10, 2017

Lanthanide Nanotheranostics in Radiotherapy.

Shaofeng Han¹, Yurun Liu¹, Taoyang Cai²

¹School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 10, 2026

Summary

Lanthanide-based nanomaterials (Ln-NPs) enhance radiotherapy by increasing tumor cell killing and reducing side effects. These theranostic agents offer a promising approach for improved cancer treatment outcomes.

Keywords:

lanthanide nanomaterials radiosensitizer reactive oxygen species review tumor radiotherapy

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Area of Science:

Nanomedicine
Oncology
Radiotherapy

Background:

Radiotherapy faces limitations due to tumor radioresistance and off-target toxicity.
Lanthanide-based nanomaterials (Ln-NPs) show potential as theranostic radiosensitizers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current state of Ln-NP-enabled radiotherapy.
To explore mechanisms, applications, challenges, and future directions of Ln-NPs in oncology.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of Ln-NP applications in radiotherapy.
Analysis of Ln-NP physicochemical properties, synthesis, and radiosensitization mechanisms.
Evaluation of preclinical and clinical progress, and comparison with other nanomaterials.

Main Results:

Ln-NPs enhance radiotherapy via dose amplification, ROS generation, and DNA repair disruption.
Certain Ln-NPs function as MRI contrast agents for image-guided radiotherapy.
Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate the efficacy of representative Ln-NP systems.

Conclusions:

Ln-NPs offer a promising theranostic approach to overcome radiotherapy limitations.
Future directions include combinatorial therapies, targeted delivery, and personalized nanotheranostics.
Addressing biocompatibility and regulatory challenges is crucial for clinical integration.